Structural violence: from literature to the present day

Abstract

This article addresses the structural violence denounced in Vidas Secas (Barren Lives), a literary work by Graciliano Ramos, seeking to identify elements of this form of violence that are still present today. Published in 1938, during a period when political and economic developments opened the way to the capitalist system—thereby deepening the gap between marginalized populations and those of higher social prestige—the novel tells the story of a migrant family from the northeastern backlands, completely excluded and marginalized. In doing so, it brings to light a series of acts of violence and oppression experienced by the characters and gives visibility to the sertanejo people and the challenges they face in order to survive. It is possible to recognize similarities with the present day, as various forms of structural violence continue to occur, most often targeting marginalized populations. Thus, the novel’s relevance remains evident in light of the violence it denounces.