Protestantismo em Revista

A VERDADE NÃO VIVE EM GAIOLAS

Breno Martins Campos — 2025-12-01

O recorte temporal deste artigo corresponde ao período do governo de Jair Messias Bolsonaro na presidência da República, ou seja, de 2019 a 2022. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica de parte do corpus bibliográfico de Rubem Alves, assim como de fontes primárias (textos extraídos da imprensa brasileira a respeito dele) e de fontes secundárias (notadamente, biógrafos e comentadores de sua vida e obra), esta pesquisa propõe três objetivos: (1) apresentar a rejeição de parte do bolsonarismo a Rubem Alves; (2) demonstrar a recusa de Rubem às verdades últimas ou definitivas; e (3) problematizar a relação política de Rubem Alves com o fundamentalismo protestante no Brasil (justamente como resposta aos posicionamentos políticos do fundamentalismo protestante no Brasil). Embora Rubem Alves tenha morrido em 2014, seu nome e posicionamentos teológico-políticos foram utilizados e explorados de modo significativo em textos acadêmicos e da grande mídia (representada, aqui, pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo), no período histórico coberto por esta pesquisa. Metodologicamente, de forma exploratória, como resultado alcançado, pode-se afirmar que, para Rubem Alves, a verdade não mora em gaiolas, portanto, a política deve ser o locus privilegiado da beleza que liberta e não da certeza que aprisiona.

THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA:

MOSHE DAYAN ROSA — 2025-12-01

The present article aims to present the outline of the conflicts that were triggered during the thirty years of wars known as the Thirty Years' War and pacified with the Westphalia agreements, also known as the Peace of Westphalia, in addition to indicating that its problems generated changes in the relations between churches and state power, from which emerged new geographical-political and religious configurations, culminating in the definitive predominance of the State over the churches. The Treaty of Westphalia of 1648 ended the Thirty Years' War (and also the Eighty Years' War of the Netherlands against Spain) and became a symbolic milestone in the evolution of the modern State and in the process of constituting the modern system of international relations, which lasted until the beginning of the First World War. The process of recatholicization of the territories of Moravia and Bohemia meant a reconfiguration of the relations given to the Central European space, specifically to the so-called Holy Roman Empire. In this sense, the present article considers the events related to the formation and need for a pacification that contemplated the religious, political and economic needs of the nations involved, decisively impacting the way the State is conceived.

A reading of the relationship between Christian faith and public life in José de Souza Marques' political thinking on education in Rio de Janeiro newspapers between the 1920s and 1950s

Davi Boechat — 2025-12-01

The trajectory of José de Souza Marques (1894-1974), a Baptist pastor, educator, and politician, is marked by the challenges of social integration for blacks at the beginning of the twentieth century and, precisely for this reason, stands out for its sensitivity to the injustices and processes of vulnerability experienced by the poor. Conversion to Protestantism and access to education, fundamental elements in his biography, are decisive reasons for his social rise, characteristics present in his public performance. This study analyses articles, interviews, and reports about Souza Marques in newspapers published in Rio de Janeiro between 1928 and 1952 before his first political mandate began in 1960. The analysis of these texts reveals the centrality of education in his thinking and public engagement, based on the intersection of the Protestant faith with American influence, social sensitivity, and a broad defense of access to education as a path to social advancement and national development. The study of Souza Marques thus makes it possible to reflect on the reconfiguration of the Brazilian public space and the public presence of Protestantism, which is very much in the minority but active above all in the educational sphere.

FROM SYMBOLIC VIOLENCE TO DECLARED INQUISTION

Sergio Ricardo Gonçalves Dusilek — 2025-12-01

For some time it was thought that the modern face of fundamentalism was restricted to symbolic violence, at most discursive. The objective of this research is to demonstrate how fundamentalism violence is perceived and felt by society. In the first case, through the approximation between religion and mass culture, especially Comics, for this we selected the graphic novel “X-Men: God loves, man kills”, by Chris Claremont and Eric Anderson, originally published in 1982, as an example of perceived, symbolic violence, which in addiction to bringing the representation of fundamentalist discourse taken to its ultimate consequences, highlights the manipulation of the religion and its language. In the second case, the present text presents two cases brought from the Brazilian Baptists, in which violence was felt due to the existence of intolerance and the inquisitive spirit that constitudes compasses for the political-religious persecution carried out against the leaders who illustrate this condition.

APRENDENDO A DESFAZER UM NÓ DE VÍBORAS:

GERSON LEITE DE MORAES — 2025-12-10

O presente artigo tem a finalidade de descrever e relacionar o pensamento de François Mauriac (1885-1970), especialmente o expresso no livro Nó de Víboras, com algumas teses teológicas e filosóficas de Agostinho de Hipona e Blaise Pascal. Através da literatura, o católico Mauriac, pretende fazer uma crítica ácida e realista ao que denomina de cristianismo burguês. Os personagens presentes em sua obra já mencionada representam as máscaras que podem existir num cristianismo que virou uma mera expressão ritualística. O processo de secularização que envolveu a Europa no contexto do século XIX e início do XX, está colocado como pano de fundo e a vida em uma sociedade, aparentemente cristã, não passa de mera bajulação, fingimento e adulação. Contudo, diante do desespero, da finitude e da tragédia da existência humana, Mauriac ressalta através do pensamento pascaliano e da filosofia agostiniana as possibilidades de superação do simulacro religioso. O mal, em todas as suas formas e expressões, só pode ser vencido se houver um enfrentamento real da situação e uma ressignificação do relacionamento com o sagrado, afinal, como dizia Mauriac, através de seu personagem principal, o nó de víboras, presente em cada coração humano e cada lar marcado pela hipocrisia, só pode ser desatado e cortado por aquele que veio trazer a espada à Terra, conforme relatam os Evangelhos.

Planejamento, Monitoramento e Avaliação de Projetos Missionários: Um Estudo de Caso na IECLB

Gisele Mello — 2025-12-01

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e analisar os processos de planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação de projetos missionários na Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB). A pesquisa utiliza como base o documento Missão de Deus Nossa Paixão e o Aplicativo de Gestão de Projetos (AGP), ferramenta que facilita a gestão de projetos missionários. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se apoia em uma abordagem bibliográfica e documental, com análise de relatórios, atas e documentos normativos da IECLB, especialmente dos Concílios da Igreja entre 1998 e 2016. Os principais resultados indicam que o planejamento, o monitoramento e a avaliação, quando interligados e utilizados de forma coordenada, contribuem significativamente para a qualificação da gestão de projetos missionários. A utilização do AGP mostrou-se fundamental para otimizar a comunicação entre diferentes instâncias da igreja e garantir maior controle e transparência na execução dos projetos. Além disso, o estudo evidencia a necessidade de melhorar a sustentabilidade dos projetos, reduzindo a dependência de recursos externos e promovendo parcerias internas. Este artigo objetiva contribuir para o campo da gestão de projetos missionários, oferecendo reflexões práticas para a melhoria dos processos de gestão na IECLB e fornecendo uma base para futuras pesquisas sobre a eficácia de ferramentas tecnológicas em contextos de ação missionária.

AMPHITRYON AND JOSEPH: A POSSIBLE MYTHOLOGICAL COMPARISON

Everton Carneiro — 2025-12-01

The article "Amphitryon and Joseph: A Possible Mythological Comparison" investigates how the figures of Amphitryon, from Greek mythology, and Joseph, in Christian mythology, exemplify adoptive fatherhood in distinct religious contexts. The main objective is to analyze the universal values associated with fatherhood, such as altruism, responsibility, and love, transcending biological ties. The study is justified by offering a contemporary reflection on models of fatherhood in different traditions, contributing to social and academic debates on family and parental care. The theoretical framework includes Jean-Pierre Vernant, who discusses Greek mythology as a cultural expression, and Raymond Brown, who analyzes the theological dimension of Joseph in the Gospels. These authors support the analysis of the narratives and their cultural and symbolic implications. The methodology is qualitative and comparative, based on primary sources such as the Gospels and Apollodorus's "Library of Mythology," along with relevant academic commentary. The results show that despite cultural differences, Amphitryon and Joseph share fundamental characteristics in raising children with extraordinary destinies: courage, resilience, and commitment. While Amphitryon is associated with heroism and divine glory, Joseph represents humility and fidelity. Both demonstrate that the role of a father transcends biology, emphasizing ethical and spiritual values. Thus, these figures remain universal models of fatherhood, relevant both in the past and today.

PILLAR FIGURINES

Rodrigo Silva — 2025-12-01

The Museum of Biblical Archaeology (MAB) houses a collection of figurines that represents a rich archaeological record of the Syro-Palestinian region, highlighting the Judean Pillar Figurines (JPF) from the Iron IIC period. The aim of this article is to assess the collection of pillar figurines. The study of these images brings to light information about the religious beliefs and sociocultural practices of ancient Judah. The identification and interpretation of the JPF are varied and controversial, ranging from representations of goddesses like Asherah to simple ritual objects. The most suitable methodological approach to the study of these pieces should consider multiple sources of evidence, both textual and archaeological, to avoid excessive subjectivism. The lack of consensus and the diversity of interpretations highlight the need for a careful examination of material and textual evidence for a more holistic understanding of the role of JPF in ancient Judean society.

Cristo “entró una vez para siempre en el lugar santísimo”

Tiago Dias de Souza — 2025-12-01

The purpose of this study is to analyze Christ's priestly ministry in the heavenly sanctuary, taking the book of Hebrews as a reference. It focuses particularly on the phrase “τὰ ἅγια” that appears in Hebrews 9:12. The research is based on an exegetical and theological examination of Christ's priestly ministry, as well as its possible repercussions and contributions to the doctrine of the Investigative Judgment in the context of Adventism. After a literary and theological analysis, it is concluded that the most appropriate translation for the expression “τὰ ἅγια” in Hebrews 9:12 is “saints” instead of “most holy”.

“Por onde andei”

Cláudio Oliveira Ribeiro — 2025-12-01

The text presents, in a narrative and autobiographical style, the main conceptual foundations involved in the formulation of the pluralist principle, including aspects of the author's family and religious background, the main readings and research conducted both during the formative period and throughout the development of academic work, a description of experiences and ethical and utopian perspectives present in the life journey, and a list of challenges arising from the relationship between theory and practice faced by the author. The content highlights the value of ecumenical practice and reflection, in its intra-Christian and inter-religious dimensions, presenting the main characteristics of Latin American theology, considering theological production within the context of Protestantism and Catholicism in Brazil, and the relationship between religious pluralism, democracy, and human rights.